Автор: Dicke M.
Издательство: Springer
Год издания: 2006
isbn: 1-4020-4783-5
Количество страниц: 189
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Chemical ecology is the ecology of body odour. Every organism uses chemical information in intra- and inter-specific interactions. Animals emit chemicals to attract a mate or to prevent a competitor from mating with the partner they just mated with. Plants emit chemicals to recruit other organisms to take care of their sex life or to attract bodyguards to defend them against their enemies. Chemical cues mediate a whole gamut of interactions in plant and animal communities. Chemical cues are used to communicate, but can also be exploited in espionage or eavesdropping. To understand the ecology of chemical signalling in communities one needs to carry out manipulative experiments. Such experiments have been done throughout the last century. However, in recent years the degree of precision with which such experiments can be done has grown tremendously as a result of rapidly increasing knowledge at the molecular-genetic level. This opens exciting new avenues to chemical ecologists. The connection of molecular genetics to community ecology and ecosystem ecology provides novel tools to take up old questions that were often hard to answer.
Автор: Radcliffe D.E.
Издательство: CRC Press
Год издания: 2006
isbn: 0-8493-3777-1
Количество страниц: 432
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Despite advances in modeling, such as graphical user interfaces, the use of GIS layers, and databases for developing input files, the approaches to modeling phosphorus (P) have not changed since their initial development in the 1980s. Current understanding of P processes has evolved and this new information needs to be incorporated into the current models. Filling this need, Modeling Phosphorus in the Environment describes basic approaches to modeling P, how the current models implement these approaches, and ways to improve them. The book sets the scene with a review of general approaches to modeling runoff and erosion, P in runoff, leaching of P, stream processes that affect P, and an examination of the important issue of model uncertainty. It describes state-of-the-science watershed-scale P transport models including dynamic semi-disturbed models, models of intermediate complexity, and two lumped models. Phosphorus Indexes (PIs) represent one end of the modeling spectrum and the book takes a comprehensive look at PIs developed in each state, and illustrates some of the problems encountered when incorporating PIs into farm-scale manure management software. The book discusses monitoring data, which is critical for calibrating models, and concludes with suggestions for improving the modeling of P. From researching mechanisms to applying regulations, the uses of phosphorus models have increased as our knowledge of the effects of phosphorus in the environment has increased. Drawing on contributions from experts, the book gives you the tools to select the model that best fits your needs.
Автор: Dawson B.
Издательство: Routledge
Год издания: 2009
isbn: 0-415-47789-1
Количество страниц: 448
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
For anyone trying to separate the fact from the fiction, "The Complete Guide to Climate Change" is an indispensable resource. Taking you through the A to Z of the key scientific, geographical and socio-political issues involved in the study of the environment and the implications of mankind's effect upon it, topics covered include: environmental science - the carbon cycle and the 'Greenhouse Gases'; the impacts of climate change on life, land and sea; mitigation strategies from carbon capture to carbon taxes; and, the Kyoto Protocol and UNFCC Renewable fuel sources, from wind to solar power. Including guides to the latest scientific and governmental thinking on climate change, this book will tell you all you need to know about perhaps the biggest issue facing mankind today
Автор: Lawrence A.J. Hemingway K.
Издательство: Blackwell
Год издания: 2003
isbn: 0-632-06406-4
Количество страниц: 368
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
In April l999 an article appeared in Fishing News under the headline ‘Dredging and pollution hit stocks far more than fishing’. The article reported on claims made by an environmental group that these two anthropogenic impacts are causing a far greater decline of fish stocks in the North Sea than ‘supposed overfishing’ and that if these were remedied ‘you would be able to walk to Europe on the fish concentrated in the North Sea’. Whilst there is no clear evidence to support these claims, the article does raise a real issue of concern to EU policy makers, the general public, and the fishing community as a whole. This is the impact of pollution on commercial fish and fisheries and the health implications of eating contaminated fish products.
Автор: Душин Б.М. Григорьева В.И. Фридман Л.А.
Издательство: Легкая индустрия
Год издания: 1978
Количество страниц: 96
Язык: русский
Формат: PDF (scan)
В брошюре приводится характеристика сточных вод кожевенных заводов, дается классификация способов их очистки, рассматриваются технологические схемы очистки сточных вод, приводятся рекомендации по их применению, сообщается о результатах исследований Брошюра рассчитана на инженерно-технических работников кожевенной промышленности, специалистов, работающих в области очистки сточных вод кожевенных заводов, и может быть полезна студентам вузов.
Издательство: Encyclоpedia Britаnnica
Год издания: 2008
isbn: 1-59339-429-2
Количество страниц: 122
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Give young learners, librarians and teachers accurate and reliable information on climate change with Earth?s Changing Environment. Written for ages 10 to 17, this comprehensive look at the environment focuses on climate, greenhouse effect, global warming and the Kyoto Protocol whilst exploring the delicate web of life with articles on ecology, biogeography, biodiversity, endangered species, deforestation and desertification. This up-to-date volume also addresses the effects of environmental pollution and the efforts to protect the environment and to conserve its resources
Автор: Strangeways I.
Издательство: Cambridge University Press
Год издания: 2000
isbn: 0-521-57310-6
Количество страниц: 373
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Measurements of natural phenomena are vital for any type of environmental monitoring, from the practical day-to-day management of rivers and agriculture, and weather forecasting, through to longer term assessment of climate change and glacial retreat. This book looks at past, present and future measurement techniques, describing the operation of the instruments used and the quality and accuracy of the data they produce. The book will be important for all those who use or collect such data, whether for pure research or day-to-day management of the environment. It will be useful for students and professionals working in a wide range of environmental science: meteorology, climatology, hydrology, water resources, oceanography, civil engineering, agriculture, forestry, glaciology, ecology.
Автор: Clements W.H. Newman M.C.
Издательство: Wiley
Год издания: 2002
isbn: 0-471-49519-0
Количество страниц: 354
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Ecotoxicology is the study of the effects of toxicants on ecological systems. Ecological effects of contaminants may occur at several levels of biological organisation, from individual organisms to the entire biosphere. Communities consist of interacting populations that overlap in time and space. Thus, community ecotoxicology is concerned with effects of contaminants on communities. This is one of a series of five books that will provide a comprehensive treatment of field ecotoxicology, it provides important insights into how contaminants affect the distribution and abundance of organisms in nature.
Автор: Visgilio G.R.
Издательство: Springer
Год издания: 2006
isbn: 0-387-37561-9
Количество страниц: 332
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
This book is the result of a conference held biannually at the Goodwin-Niering Center for Conservation Biology and Environmental Studies at Connecticut College. It uses an interdisciplinary approach to focus on important ecological impacts of acid deposition, the transboundary nature of the pollutants that cause acid rain, and domestic and international policies designed to reduce the emission of these pollutants. The book combines research findings and the policy analyses of experts from different academic disciplines with the positions advanced by representatives of various nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Because the volume explores many aspects of the acid rain issue, it will be of interest to a diverse audience that includes researchers, students, concerned citizens, policy analysts, and members of NGOs and government agencies who could use the text as background for discussion pertaining to the science and policy of acid deposition.
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