Автор: Erik Seedhouse
Издательство: Springer
Год издания: 2010
isbn: 144190879X
Количество страниц: 256
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
The world’s most populous nation views space as an asset, not only from a technological and commercial perspective, but also from a political and militaristic one. The repercussions of this ideology already extend far beyond Washington. China vs. United States offers a glimpse of future Chinese aspirations in space and the politico-militaristic implications of a looming space race, and explains why an interplanetary spaceship called the Tsien Hsue Shen might one day travel to the outer planets. Until China successfully launched taikonauts into orbit, China’s space program had attracted little international attention. The book opens with an analysis of the short fifteen-year history of the China National Space Administration and its long list of accomplishments. Chapter 2 assesses Sino-U.S. technological and commercial interests in space and their implications in fuelling a potential space race. The national security objectives of the U.S. and China are examined, showing how their intentions are increasingly leading to the military integration of space technologies. Chapter 3 describes China’s anxieties about U.S. space power, its obsession with national prestige, and how manned spaceflight is viewed as a crucial element to sustain the legitimacy of the Communist Party. China is currently focusing on similar goals to those of NASA’s Constellation Program - lunar and Mars exploration. The following chapter examines the ambitious plans of both nations, and evaluates whether China’s bold goal of landing taikonauts on the Moon by 2020 is matched by the necessary capability.
Автор: Lars Lindberg Christensen, Davide Martin, Raquel Yumi Shida
Издательство: Springer
Год издания: 2009
isbn: 0387938532
Количество страниц: 142
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Like no other telescope ever invented, the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has given us magnificent high resolution views of the gigantic cosmic collisions between galaxies. Hubble's images are snapshots in time and catch the colliding galaxies in different stages of collision. Thanks to a new and amazing set of 60 Hubble images, for the first time these different stages can be put together to form a still-frame movielike montage showing the incredible processes taking place as galaxies collide and merge. The significance of these cosmic encounters reaches far beyond aesthetics. Galaxy mergers may, in fact, be some of the most important processes that shape our universe. Colliding galaxies very likely, hold some of the most important clues to our cosmic past and to our destiny. It now seems clear that the Milky Way is continuously undergoing merging events, some small scale, others on a gigantic scale. And the importance of this process in the lives of galaxies is much greater than what was previously thought.
Автор: Dániel Apai, Dante S. Lauretta
Издательство: Cambridge University Press
Год издания: 2010
isbn: 0521517729
Количество страниц: 396
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Planet formation studies uniquely benefit from three disciplines: astronomical observations of extrasolar planet-forming disks, analysis of material from the early Solar System, and laboratory astrophysics experiments. Pre-planetary solids, fine dust, and chondritic components are central elements linking these studies. This book is the first comprehensive overview of planet formation, in which astronomers, cosmochemists, and laboratory astrophysicists jointly discuss the latest insights from the Spitzer and Hubble space telescopes, new interferometers, space missions including Stardust and Deep Impact, and laboratory techniques. Following the evolution of solids from their genesis through protoplanetary disks to rocky planets, the book discusses in detail how the latest results from these disciplines fit into a coherent picture. This volume provides a clear introduction and valuable reference for students and researchers in astronomy, cosmochemistry, laboratory astrophysics, and planetary sciences.
Автор: Eric, Ph.D. Cline, Sarolta, Ph.D. Takacs
Издательство: M.E. Sharpe
Год издания: 2007
isbn: 0765680823
Количество страниц: 620
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Civilizanion of Africa, Civilizanion of Europe, Civilizanion of the Americas, Civilizanion of the Neart East and Southwest Azia, Civilizanion of Azia and the Pacific Designed to meet the curriculum needs of students from grades 7-12, this five-volume encyclopedia explores the history and civilizations of the ancient world from prehistory to approximately 1000 CE. Organized alphabetically within geographical volumes on Africa, Europe, the Americas, Southwest Asia, and Asia and the Pacific, entries cover the social, political, scientific and technological, economic, and cultural events and developments that shaped the ancient world in all areas of the globe. Each volume explores significant civilizations, personalities, cultural and social developments, and scientific achievements in its geographical area. Boxed features include Link in Time, Link in Place, Ancient Weapons, Turning Points, and Great Lives. Each volume also includes maps, timelines and illustrations; and a glossary, bibliography and indexes complete the set.
Автор: В.Я. Струве
Издательство: Издательство Академии наук СССР
Год издания: 1953
Количество страниц: 234
Язык: русский
Формат: DJVU
Василий Яковлевич Струве — один из наиболее выдающихся астрономов XIX века — оставил неизгладимый след в истории русской и мировой науки. Исследования о распределении звезд в пространстве, связанные с каталогом Вейссе, более развитые и в несколько ином виде, изложены В. Я. Струве в отдельном сочинении «Этюды звездной астрономии», вышедшем в 1847 г. В этом сочинении он дает тонкий и глубокий анализ высказываний разных астрономов и философов о Млечном Пути и вообще о строении вселенной. Особенно много внимания уделяет он исследованиям В. Гершеля, что является большой заслугой В. Я. Струве перед наукой, так как до него заключения В. Гершеля, основанные на 40-летних наблюдениях, не были достаточно поняты и оценены.
Автор: Peter Schneider, Christopher Kochanek, Joachim Wambsganss
Издательство: Springer
Год издания: 2006
isbn: 354030309X
Количество страниц: 552
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
The theory, observations, and applications of gravitational lensing constitute one of the most rapidly growing branches of astrophysics. The gravitational deflection of light generated by mass concentrations along a light path produces magnification, multiplicity, and distortion of images and delays photon propagation from one line of sight relative to another. The huge amount of scientific work produced over the last decade on gravitational lensing has clearly revealed its already substantial and wide impact and its potential for future astrophysical applications. The up-to-date contributions in this book are based on the lecture notes of the 33rd Saas–Fee Advanced Course of the Swiss Society of Astronomy and Astrophysics, entitled Gravitational Lensing: Strong, Weak, and Micro. The book comprises four complementary parts, written by leading experts in the field, constituting a genuine textbook about gravitational lensing. Students and researchers alike will benefit from this comprehensive presentation of the astrophysical and astronomical aspects of gravitational lensing.
Автор: Ben Evans
Издательство: Praxis
Год издания: 2009-
isbn: 0387790934
Количество страниц: 494
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
To commemorate the momentous 50th anniversary of Yuri Gagarin’s pioneering journey into space on 12th April 2011, a series of five books – to be published annually until 2011 – will explore this half century, decade by decade, to discover how humanity’s knowledge of flying, working and living in space has changed. Each volume will focus not only upon the individual missions within ‘its’ decade, but also upon the key challenges facing human space exploration at specific points within those 50 years: from the simple problems of breathing and eating in space to the challenges of venturing outside in a pressurised spacesuit and locomotion on the Moon. The first volume of this series will focus upon the 1960s, exploring each mission from April 1961 to April 1971 in depth: from the pioneering Vostok flights to the establishment of the first Salyut space station and from Alan Shepard’s modest sub-orbital ‘hop’ into space to his triumphant arrival at the Moon’s Fra Mauro foothills almost a decade later. The Introduction sets the scene with early plans to explore space, balloon flights and such details as the development of pressure suits. Each of the Vostok missions is then covered in depth, together with unmanned precursor flights, subsequent plans and the development of Voskhod. Chapter 2 studies the Mercury missions together with unmanned and monkey flights, the development of the Redstone and Atlas boosters and the ill-fated Dyna-Soar, while the twin Voskhod missions, including the first three-man space crew, first spacewalk and plans for subsequent Voskhods to extend time in space are covered in the third chapter. Each of the Gemini missions are
Автор: Ф.А. Бредихин
Издательство: Издательство Академии наук СССР
Год издания: 1954
Количество страниц: 607
Язык: русский
Формат: DJVU
Фёдор Александрович Бредихин широко известен во всём мире как один из крупнейших астрономов XIX в., в первую очередь как творец теории кометных форм и теории происхождения метеорных потоков из комет. Однако почётное место, занимаемое Ф. А. Бредихиным в истории русской науки, связано не только с замечательными плодами его научной деятельности, но и с той выдающейся ролью, которую он сыграл в развитии всей русской астрономии, реорганизовав Пулковскую обсерваторию. В 1903 г., за год до смерти, он проанализировал все свои работы, посвященные периодическим кометам и метеорным потокам, внёс в них исправления и дополнения, учитывающие новые данные, и издал их отдельной книгой, известной в русском переводе как "Этюды о метеорах".
Автор: Ребров М.Ф., Ткачев А.В.
Издательство: Моск. рабочий
Год издания: 1983
Количество страниц: 249
Язык: русский
Формат: PDF
25 лет назад, 4 октября 1957 года, запуском первого в мире советского искусственного спутника Земли началась эра космоса. О роли Москвы в освоении космического пространства, о научных центрах, памятньпх местах и музеях столицы и Подмосковья, связанных с историей космонавтики, рассказывает эта книга. Рассчитана на массового читателя.
Автор: W.B.Burton, J.M.E.Kuijpers, E.P.J.van Den Heuvel, H. van der Laan
Издательство: Kulwer Academic Publishers
Год издания: 2004
isbn: 0306482118
Количество страниц: 257
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
It is generally accepted that the term space weather refers to the time-variable conditions in the space environment that may effect space-borne or ground based technological systems and, in the worst case, endanger human health or life. Therefore there are social and economic aspects of this type of research: one tries to avoid consequences of space weather events by system design or efficient warning and prediction. During the last few years space weather activities have expanded world-wide. Space weather affects spacecrafts as well as ground based systems. The main cause for space weather effects is our Sun. It emits a continuous stream of particles which is called the solar wind. The solar wind is variable. It is modulated by the well known 11 year solar activity cycle. Another source of space weather effects are micrometeorites and other space debris.
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