Автор: Viorel Badescu
Издательство: Springer
Год издания: 2010
isbn: 642036287
Количество страниц: 700
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
The manned mission is seen as a first step towards a Mars surface exploration base-station and, later, establishing permanent settlement. The location and use of Mars’s natural resources is vital to enable cost-effective long-duration human exploration and exploitation missions as well as subsequent human colonization. Planet resources include various crust-lodged materials, a low-pressure natural atmosphere, assorted forms of utilizable energy, lower gravity than Earth’s, and ground placement advantages relative to human operability and living standards. Power resources may include using solar and wind energy, importation of nuclear reactors and the harvesting of geothermal potential. In fact, a new branch of human civilization could be established permanently on Mars in the next century. But, meantime, an inventory and proper social assessment of Mars’s prospective energy and material resources is required. This book investigates the possibilities and limitations of various systems supplying manned bases on Mars with energy and other vital resources. The book collects together recent proposals and innovative options and solutions. It is a useful source of condensed information for specialists involved in current and impending Mars-related activities and a good starting point for young researchers.
Автор: Ксанфомалити Л. В.
Издательство: Наука. Физматлит
Год издания: 1997
isbn: 5-02-015226-9
Количество страниц: 308
Язык: русский
Формат: PDF
Многие астрономы-профессионалы наших дней в детстве зачитывались книгами К. Фламмариона, Б. А. Воронцова-Вельяминова и другими научно-популярными изданиями. Космические исследования принесли на страницы специальных изданий новый мир планет, разительно не похожий на прежние представления. В наземной технике, используя приборы, способные анализировать ничтожные количества вещества, ученые пытаются обнаружить следы древней жизни в метеоритах, пришедших с других небесных тел. Но в научно-популярные издания новые результаты проникают медленно. Предлагаемая книга представляет собой рассказ о последних открытиях в физике планет, иллюстрируемый большим числом фотографий, цветных иллюстраций и схем. Для широкого круга читателей, интересующихся астрономией и исследованиями планет Солнечной системы.
Автор: Roger Dymock
Издательство: Springer;
Год издания: 2010
isbn: 144196438X
Количество страниц: 248
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Dwarf planets (which were formerly called asteroids except for the planet Pluto), and the smaller Solar System bodies still called asteroids today, are making front page news, particularly those that are newly discovered and those that might present a hazard to life on Earth by impacting our planet. In this age of giant telescopes and space probes, these small Solar System bodies have advanced from being tiny points of light to bodies worthy of widespread study. This book describes the dwarf planets and asteroids themselves, their origins, orbits, and composition, and at how amateur astronomers can play a part in their detection, tracking, and imaging. The book is divided into two parts. Part I describes physical properties (including taxonomic types) of dwarf planets and asteroids, how they formed in the early life of the Solar System, and how they evolved to their present positions, groups, and families. It also covers the properties used to define these small Solar System bodies: magnitude, rotation rates (described by their light-curves), and orbital characteristics. Part II opens with a description of the hardware and software an amateur or practical astronomer needs to observe and also to image asteroids. Then numerous observing techniques are covered in depth. Finally, there are lists of relevant amateur and professional organizations and how to submit your own observations to them.
Автор: Stefan Rumistrzewicz
Издательство: Springer
Год издания: 2010
isbn: 1441972412
Количество страниц: 344
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
This book is meant for observers who see a deep-sky object – either by star-hopping or by using a Go-To telescope – but do not observe it in detail because they don't know what to look for. It provides photographic images of all the objects discussed... not just images, but images that look exactly like the visual view through the eyepiece of telescopes of various apertures. Visually, deep-sky objects almost always look quite unlike the usual CCD images published in astronomical guides. The human eye doesn't see color at such low light levels, and the contrast of extended objects (such as nebulae and galaxies) is completely different. The author lives in a less-than ideal location for visual observing, with the city of London only about twenty miles to the south. He uses this to advantage, and amateur astronomers will find this book invaluable because it shows them what they will actually see from a typical suburban location, not a rare view under perfect skies.
Автор: Гильберг Л.А., Рябчиков Е.И.
Издательство: Машиностроение
Год издания: 1981
Количество страниц: 456
Язык: русский
Формат: PDF
12 апреля 1961 года мощная ракета-носитель вывела на орбиту космический корабль «Восток» с первым космонавтом Земли, гражданином Советского Союза, коммунистом Юрием Гагариным. За короткий исторический срок, отделяющий нас от этого выдающегося события, советская космонавтика прошла славный путь. Последовательно и успешно выполняется космическая программа нашей страны. О советской космонавтике рассказывает этот альбом, в создании которого приняли участие выдающиеся ученые, летчики-космонавты, инженеры, журналисты. В альбоме использованы фотоматериалы Центра подготовки космонавтов им. Ю. А. Гагарина, ТАСС, Совета «Интеркосмос», Госцентра «Природа», личных архивов летчиков-космонавтов СССР, фотокорреспондентов О. Кузьмина, А. Моклецова, В. Мусаэлянца, А. Пушкарева, А. Сенцова, а также фотографии И. Борисенко, Л. Десинова, Л. Путятина, А. Фесенко, Г. Щербакова.]
Автор: Mullaney, James
Издательство: Springer
Год издания: 2007
isbn: 0387681248
Количество страниц: 168
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Amateur astronomers – particularly deep-sky observers – are always on the lookout for new observing challenges. The Herschel Objects, and How to Observe Them offers the exciting opportunity of retracing the steps of the greatest visual observer and celestial explorer that ever lived. This is a practical guide to seeing the most impressive of Herschel’s star clusters, nebulae and galaxies. There has never been – and as of the time of submitting this proposal there still isn’t – an observer’s book devoted to the Herschel objects. The US-based Astronomical League has for several years sponsored a "Herschel Club", reflecting the interest amateur astronomers have in this important but less widely known listing. The Herschel Objects, and How to Observe Them covers more than 600 of the brightest of the objects that Herschel saw, with detailed descriptions and images of 150 to 200 of the very best for viewing with amateur telescopes.
Автор: Nader Haghighipour
Издательство: Springer
Год издания: 2010
isbn: 9048186862
Количество страниц: 332
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
The discovery of extrasolar planets over the past decade has had major impacts on our understanding of the formation and dynamical evolution of planetary systems. There are features and characteristics unseen in our solar system and unexplainable by the current theories of planet formation and dynamics. Among these new surprises is the discovery of planets in binary and multiple-star systems. The discovery of such "binary-planetary" systems has confronted astrodynamicists with many new challenges, and has led them to re-examine the theories of planet formation and dynamics. Among these challenges are: How are planets formed in binary star systems? What would be the notion of habitability in such systems? Under what conditions can binary star systems have habitable planets? How will volatiles necessary for life appear on such planets? This volume seeks to gather the current research in the area of planets in binary and multistar systems and to familiarize readers with its associated theoretical and observational challenges.
Автор: Brayn. E Penprase
Издательство: springer
Год издания: 2010
isbn: 1441968024
Количество страниц: 348
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
What are some of the connections that bind us to the stars? How have these connections been established? And how have people all around the world and throughout time reacted to the night sky, the sun and moon, in their poetry, mythology, rituals, and temples? This book explores the influence of the sky on both ancient and modern civilization, by pring a clear overview of the many ways in which humans have used the stars as an ordering principle in their cultures, and which today still inspire us intellectually, emotionally, and spiritually. The book explores constellation lore from around the world, celestial alignments of monuments and temples, both from ancient and modern civilizations, and the role the sky has played in the cultures of the Greek, Egyptian, Babylonian, Native American,
Автор: Bart Hendrickx, Bert Vis
Издательство: Springer Praxis
Год издания: 2007
isbn: 0387698485
Количество страниц: 544
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
In Energiya-Buran: the Soviet Space Shuttle, the authors describe the long development path of the Soviet space shuttle system, consisting of the Energiya rocket and the Buran orbiter. The program eventually saw just one unmanned flight in November 1988 before the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union sealed its fate. After a Foreword provided by lead Buran test pilot Igor Volk, the authors look at the experience gradually accumulated in high-speed aeronautics with the development of various Soviet rocket planes and intercontinental cruise missiles between the 1930s to 1950s and the study of several small spaceplanes in the 1960s. Next the authors explain how the perceived military threat of the US Space Shuttle led to the decision in February 1976 to build a Soviet equivalent, and explore the evolution of the design until it was frozen in 1979. Following this is a detailed technical description of both Energiya and Buran and a look at nominal flight scenarios and emergency situations, highlighting similarities and differences with the US Space Shuttle.
Автор: Robert L. Clark
Издательство: Springer
Год издания: 2010
isbn: 1441964142
Количество страниц: 204
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Building an astronomical telescope offers the amateur astronomer an exciting challenge, with the possibility of ending up with a far bigger and better telescope than could have been afforded otherwise. In the past, the starting point has always been the grinding and polishing of at least the primary mirror, a difficult and immensely time-consuming process. But now that the Internet has brought us together in a global village, purchasing off-the-shelf goods such as parabolic mirrors, eyepieces, lenses, and telescope tubes, is possible. There are also a vast number of used mirrors and lenses out there, and it is now possible to track them down almost anywhere in the world. Online stores and auction houses have facilitated commerce regarding all sorts of useful optical components at a reasonable price. This is a book about making telescopes from available parts. It provides guidance on where to look and what to look for in selecting items useful for telescope making and explains how to assemble these components to produce an excellent instrument on a tight budget. At one time, many amateurs made their own telescopes from home-made parts. In today's rushed world, that has almost become a lost art. The Internet offers a wonderful alternative to either buying a pricey scope fully assembled or making your own from scratch.
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