Автор: M. R. House, A. S. Gale
Издательство: Geological Society Publishing House
Год издания: 1995
isbn: 1897799233
Количество страниц: 204
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
The metronomic variations of the Earth-Moon system and of theEarth-Sun orbital patterns produce gravitational and temperatureeffects that alter the physical environment on the Earth’ssurface. These give an interpenetrating effect of forcing cyclesranging from twice-daily tides, day-night alternations, varioustidal patterns and the annual solar pattern. All of these havebeen used palaeontologically to give precision to short-termage determination in the past. It is cycles of the Milankovitch band that are showing promiseof enabling new practical timescales to be established for partsof the geological record. These depend on changes in the Earth-Sundistance and changes in the tilt of the Earth’s axis withrespect to the Earth’s orbit round the Sun. There is increasingevidence that small-scale sedimentary rhythmic couplets mayrepresent the effect of such changes. The disentangling of theinterpenetrating cycles to produce an orbital forcing timescaleis an exciting problem and challenge for palaeobiology and sedimentology.These should enable numerical dates to be given to bio- andchronostratigraphical timescales and eventually enable manyEarth processes to be analysed in real time. The papers in this volume represent major new developments insedimentological, paIaeontological, geochemical and stratigraphicalresearch being undertaken in this field.
Автор: Brian Warner
Издательство: Cambridge University Press
Год издания: 2003
isbn: 052154209X
Количество страниц: 596
Язык: english
Формат: DJVU
The study of cataclysmic variables - interacting binary stars containing a white dwarf accreting from an orbiting companion - is undergoing an exciting renaissance, as it embraces observations at all wavelengths. Cataclysmic variables allow, in particular, the direct and detailed study of equilibrium and non-equilibrium accretion discs; in turn these developments also help in our understanding of X-ray binaries, black holes and active galactic nuclei. This timely volume provides the first comprehensive survey of cataclysmic variable stars, integrating theory and observation into a single, synthesised text. An introductory chapter gives the historical background of studies of cataclysmic variables. The author then goes on to give an up-to-date review of both the observations (at all wavelengths, and over all time-scales), the theories, the models of the structures and accretion processes believed to be involved. A very detailed bibliography is also provided to guide the reader to pertinent primary literature.
Автор: Michael J. S. Belton, Thomas H. Morgan, Nalin H. Samarasinha, Donald K. Yeomans
Издательство: Cambridge University Press
Год издания: 2004
isbn: 0521827647
Количество страниц: 436
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
This book presents the most recent research on the development of a reliable defense against objects that can potentially collide with the Earth. Large asteroids and comets can collide with the Earth causing severe consequences, and collisions are a random process that can occur at any time. To reduce the threat, it is necessary to understand these potentially hazardous objects
Автор: Tamas I. Gombosi
Издательство: Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Год издания: 1998
isbn: 052159264X
Количество страниц: 358
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
This book provides a comprehensive introduction to space weather: the physical phenomena that result from the interaction of the sun and the planets. Physics of the Space Environment explores the basic processes in the sun, in the interplanetary medium, in the near-Earth space, and down into the atmosphere. The first part of the book summarizes fundamental elements of transport theory relevant for the atmosphere, ionosphere and the magnetosphere, then applies this theory to physical phenomena in the space environment. The book emphasizes both the fundamental physical processes and basic concepts and methods. This book is unique in its balanced treatment of space plasma and aeronomical phenomena. Students and researchers with a basic math and physics background will find this book invaluable in the study of phenomena in the space environment.
Издательство: School Specialty Publishing
Год издания: 2006
isbn: 0769642594
Количество страниц: 64
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
A must-have for any young researcher! Just the Facts Solar System is a fact-by-fact look at our solar system, from planet Earth to Pluto and beyond. This important reference guide features statistics on every astrological body, with full-color charts, diagrams, photographs, and illustrations. Perfect for any school report! Features: High quality photographs and illustrations Quick-to-use visual format Detailed glossary and index Our popular Just the Facts series provides the most up-to-date information available, presented in a unique easy-reference system of lists, fact boxes, tables, and charts that are cross-referenced and indexed. This series features titles that cover important subjects taught in school, such as the human body, inventions and discoveries, people of the world, the prehistoric world, the solar system, and the world atlas. Collect all of the Just the Facts titles for your researcher!
Автор: Prabhakar Gondhalekar
Издательство: Cambridge University Press
Год издания: 2001
isbn: 0521803160
Количество страниц: 368
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Gravity is one of the most inexplicable forces of nature, controlling everything, from the expansion of the Universe to the ebb and flow of ocean tides. The search for the laws of motion and gravitation began more than two thousand years ago, a quest that Prabhakar Gondhalekar recounts in The Grip of Gravity. Beginning with Aristotle and concluding with Planck, Gondhalekar outlines a 'genealogy' of gravity and lucidly explains how previous explanations have shaped the most recent development in the field, string theory. In this work, physicist and astronomer Gondhalekar describes experiments, both planned and proposed, and clearly explains natural phenomena like ocean tides, seasons, ice ages, the formation of planets, stars, and exotic objects like black holes and neutron stars, which are all controlled by gravity. Including anecdotes and thumb-nail sketches of the personalities involved, The Grip of Gravity provides an introduction to the foundation of modern physics and shows how the current developments in string theory may lead to a new and radical interpretation of gravity. Prabhakar Gondhalekar is an Honorary Fellow in the Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College, London. Until his retirement in 1998, he was the head of the Space Astronomy Group at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, where he had been a researcher for 18 years. His research has included a number of topics in galactic and extragalactic astronomy, with his major work focusing on the interstellar medium and active galactic nuclei. Gondhalekar has been awarded Royal Society, Leverhulme Trust, and NATO Research Fellowships to do research in universities in the United States and Israel.
Автор: C. Aerts, J. Christensen-Dalsgaard, D.W. Kurtz
Издательство: Springer
Год издания: 2010
isbn: 1402051786
Количество страниц: 866
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
The recent research domain of asteroseismology studies the internal structure of stars, which is not directly observable, through the interpretation of the frequency spectra of stellar oscillations. The basic principles of asteroseismology are very similar to those developed by earth seismologists. Stellar interiors can be probed from oscillations because different oscillation modes penetrate to different depths inside the star. Asteroseismology is the only available method to derive the internal structure of the stars with high precision. This book – the first on asteroseismology – offers a practical guide for graduate students and scientists working in stellar astrophysics. It provides a general introduction to asteroseismology and comprehensive coverage of all its aspects: fundamental theory, observations and observational techniques, methodology of data analysis and seismic interpretations of various classes of multi-periodic pulsating stars.
Автор: В.Л. Барсуков
Издательство: Наука
Год издания: 1980
Количество страниц: 360
Язык: русский
Формат: DJVU
Книга содержит оригинальный материал по изучению лунного грунта, доставленного в августе 1976 года советской автоматической станцией «Луна-24». Сборник является сводной работой, подводящей итоги первого этапа исследования вещества колонки «Луна-24» в лабораториях Советского Союза и некоторых других стран. В сборник включена серия работ, которые всесторонне характеризуют особенности колонки реголита «Луна-24» и слагающих ее пород. Материалы статей описывают геологическое строение района посадки станции, особенности приема и первичного изучения колонки в лаборатории, литолого-морфологические особенности реголита и типы пород. Особое внимание уделено выяснению различными методами деталей строения колонки «Луна-24» и специфике ее стратификации. Детально рассмотрены петрографо-минералогическая характеристика пород колонки, химизм их минералов, петрохимические и геохимические черты пород и реголита. Специальные статьи посвящены определению абсолютного возраста пород, изучению радиоактивности реголита, изучению инертных газов, характеристике на основании исследования треков экспозиционного возраста частиц реголита. В ряде статей рассматриваются результаты применения специальных прецизионных методов изучения вещества реголита - ЭПР, рентгено-электронной и мессбауеровской спектроскопии, рентгеноструктурного анализа и др. В совокупности все представленные в сборнике работы дают на современном уровне характеристику уникального лунного вещества колонки и содержат новые данные об условиях формирования реголита, магматической эволюции лунных пород, роли процессов экзогенной переработки вещества на поверхности Луны.
Автор: Gregory Vogt
Издательство: Lerner Publications
Год издания: 2009
isbn: 0761341579
Количество страниц: 48
Язык: english
Формат: DJVU
A lively and informative look at the dwarf planet Pluto, from its discovery to the recent controversy over its status as a planet. The book describes Pluto's place in the solar system, its moons, its orbit, what we know of its physical features and the difficulties scientists encounter in studying this mysterious body.
Автор: Черкасов И.И., Шварев В.В.
Издательство: Недра
Год издания: 1975
Количество страниц: 143
Язык: русский
Формат: PDF
Еще несколько лет назад ученые говоря о грунте Луны ограничивались умозрительными заключениями. С развитием космонавтики наука получила экспериментальную базу для изучения поверхности естественного спутника Земли. В книге дается обзор развития представлений о лунном грунте за последние двадцать лет, излагаются способы исследования грунта непосредственно на Луне, даются сведения о наземных лабораториях и их научном оборудовании для изучения образцов грунта доставленных с Луны.
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