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Plant Ecology |
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Категория: Биологические науки » Экология. Окружающая среда |
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Автор: Gibson J.P. GibsonT.R.
Издательство: Chelsea House Publications
Год издания: 2006
isbn: 0-7910-8566-X
Количество страниц: 189
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
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Plant Ecology (The Green World (Chelsea House))
J. Phil Gibson (Author), Terri R. Gibson (Author) |
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CO2 Rising |
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Категория: Биологические науки » Экология. Окружающая среда |
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Автор: Volk T.
Издательство: The MIT Press
Год издания: 2010
isbn: 0-262-51521-0
Количество страниц: 240
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
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The most colossal environmental disturbance in human history is under way. Ever-rising levels of the potent greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) are altering the cycles of matter and life and interfering with the Earth's natural cooling process. Melting Arctic ice and mountain glaciers are just the first relatively mild symptoms of what will result from this disruption of the planetary energy balance. In CO2 Rising, scientist Tyler Volk explains the process at the heart of global warming and climate change: the global carbon cycle. Vividly and concisely, Volk describes what happens when CO2 is released by the combustion of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas), letting loose carbon atoms once trapped deep underground into the interwoven web of air, water, and soil. |
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Air Pollution |
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Категория: Биологические науки » Экология. Окружающая среда |
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Автор: Villanyi V.
Издательство: InTech
Год издания: 2010
isbn: 978-953-307-143-5
Количество страниц: 370
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
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Although the climate of the Earth is continually changing from the very beginning, anthropogenic effects, the pollution of the air by combustion and industrial activities make it change so quickly that the adaptation is very difficult for all living organisms. Researcher's role is to make this adaptation easier, to prepare humankind to the new circumstances and challenges, to trace and predict the effects and, if possible, even decrease the harmfulness of these changes. In this book we provide an interdisciplinary collection of new studies and findings on the score of air pollution. |
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Natural Wastewater Treatment Systems |
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Категория: Биологические науки » Экология. Окружающая среда |
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Автор: Crites R.W. Middlebrooks J. Reed S.C.
Издательство: CRC Press
Год издания: 2005
isbn: 0-8493-3804-2
Количество страниц: 546
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
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Although initially based purely on environmental principles of reuse and recycling, natural waste treatment systems proved to have economic advantages over mechanical systems in many cases, being less expensive to build and operate as well as requiring less energy. Thus, natural waste treatment methods reemerged even as advanced wastewater treatment technologies exploded in growth. Reflecting this burgeoning popularity, Natural Wastewater Treatment Systems is the first book to integrate all the major types of natural treatment systems into a single source. |
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Microbial Ecology of the Oceans |
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Категория: Биологические науки » Экология. Окружающая среда |
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Автор: Kirchman D.L.
Издательство: Wiley
Год издания: 2008
isbn: 978-0-470-04344-8
Количество страниц: 593
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
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Like the successful first edition, Microbial Ecology of the Oceans, Second Edition is unique and fills a void in the rapidly growing fields of marine microbiology, microbial ecology, and microbial oceanography. Here, a carefully selected team of international experts explores issues of enduring importance to microbial ecologists, including:
Genomes and metagenomes of marine microbes
Microbial evolution, as revealed by molecular techniques
Microbes in carbon budgets and cycles
Viruses and grazers of bacteria
Microbes and N cycle reactions in sediments
The role of microbes in food web dynamics
Biogeochemical cycles in the ocean
In addition to drawing on the long history of microbiology, the contributors also include discussions of the latest advances in biological and chemical oceanography to examine the role of microbes and viruses in the oceans.
Richly illustrated with black-and-white photographs and drawings, and complemented with a comprehensive list of additional reading for each chapter, this important new edition provides readers with current information in the fields of marine microbiology and microbial ecology. It is designed for students and researchers in biological and chemical oceanography, geochemistry, marine chemistry, freshwater ecology, and general microbiology. It is also appropriate for professionals and advanced students in related fields. |
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Applied Ecology and Natural Resource Management |
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Категория: Биологические науки » Экология. Окружающая среда |
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Автор: McPherson G.R. DeStefano S.
Издательство: Cambridge University Press
Год издания: 2003
isbn: 0-521-81127-9
Количество страниц: 180
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
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This volume bridges the gap between ecology and natural resource management and, in particular, focuses on plant ecology as a foundation for vegetation and wildlife management. It describes how concepts and approaches used by ecologists to study communities and ecosystems can be applied to their management. Guy R. McPherson and Stephen DeStefano emphasize the importance of thoughtfully designed and conducted scientific studies to both the advancement of ecological knowledge and the application of techniques for the management of plant and animal populations. |
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Renewables Information 2011 |
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Категория: Биологические науки » Экология. Окружающая среда |
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Издательство: International Energy Agency
Год издания: 2011
isbn: 978-92-64-10161-6
Количество страниц: 498
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
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An Introduction, notes, definitions and auxiliary information are provided in Part I.
Part II of the publication provides an overview of the development of renewables and waste in the world over the 1990 to 2009 period. A greater focus is given to OECD countries with a review of electricity generation and capacity from renewable and waste energy sources.
Part III of the publication provides a corresponding statistical overview of developments in the world and OECD renewable and waste market.
Part IV provides, in tabular form, a more detailed and comprehensive picture of developments for renewable and waste energy sources for 34 OECD member countries, including 2010 preliminary data. It encompasses energy indicators, generating capacity, electricity and heat production from renewable and waste sources, as well as production and consumption of renewables and waste. |
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Detecting Ecological Impacts |
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Категория: Биологические науки » Экология. Окружающая среда |
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Автор: Schmitt R.J. Osenberg C.W.
Издательство: Academic Press
Год издания: 1996
isbn: 0-12-627255-7
Количество страниц: 401
Язык: english
Формат: PDF (scan)
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Detecting Ecological Impacts: Concepts and Applications in Coastal Habitats focuses on crucial aspects of detecting local and regional impacts that result from human activities. Detection and characterization of ecological impacts require scientific approaches that can reliably separate the effects of a specific anthropogenic activity from those of other processes. This fundamental goal is both technically and operationally challenging. Detecting Ecological Impacts is devoted to the conceptual and technical underpinnings that allow for reliable estimates of ecological effects caused by human activities. An international team of scientists focuses on the development and application of scientific tools appropriate for estimating the magnitude and spatial extent of ecological impacts. The contributors also evaluate our current ability to forecast impacts. Some of the scientific, legal, and administrative constraints that impede these critical tasks also are highlighted. Coastal marine habitats are emphasized, but the lessons and insights have general application to all ecological systems. |
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Ecology and Design |
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Категория: Биологические науки » Экология. Окружающая среда |
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Автор: Johnson B. Hill K.
Издательство: Island Press
Год издания: 2001
isbn: 1-55963-813-3
Количество страниц: 560
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
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Professionals, faculty, and students are aware of the pressing need to integrate ecological principles into environmental design and planning education, but few materials exist to facilitate that development.
Ecology and Design addresses that shortcoming by articulating priorities and approaches for incorporating ecological principles in the teaching of landscape design and planning. The book explains why landscape architecture and design and planning faculty should include ecology as a standard part of their courses and curricula, provides insights on how that can be done, and offers models from successful programs. The book:
* examines the need for change in the education and practice of landscape architecture and in the physical planning and design professions as a whole
* asks what designers and physical planners need to know about ecology and what applied ecologists can learn from design and planning
* develops conceptual frameworks needed to realize an ecologically based approach to design and planning
* offers recommendations for the integration of ecology within a landscape architecture curriculum, as an example for other design fields such as civil engineering and architecture
* considers the implications for professional practice
* explores innovative approaches to collaboration among designers and ecologists
In addition to the editors, contributors include Carolyn Adams, Jack Ahern, Richard T. T. Forman, Michael Hough, James Karr, Joan Iverson Nassauer, David Orr, Kathy Poole, H. Ronald Pulliam, Anne Whiston Spirn, Sandra Steingraber, Carl Steinitz, Ken Tamminga, and William Wenk. Ecology and Design represents an important guidepost and source of ideas for faculty, students, and professionals in landscape architecture, urban design, planning and architecture, landscape ecology, conservation biology and restoration ecology, civil and environmental engineering, and related fields. |
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Air Pollution and Turbulence |
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Категория: Биологические науки » Экология. Окружающая среда |
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Автор: Moreira D. Vilhena M.
Издательство: CRC Press
Год издания: 2009
isbn: 1-4398-1144-3
Количество страниц: 354
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
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Since its discovery in early 1900, turbulence has been an interesting and complex area of study. Written by international experts, Air Pollution and Turbulence: Modeling and Applications presents advanced techniques for modeling turbulence, with a special focus on air pollution applications, including pollutant dispersion and inverse problems. The book’s foreword was written by specialists in the field, including the Professor Sergej Zilitinkevich. Offering innovative atmospheric mathematical modeling methods, which can also be applied to other disciplines, the book includes:
Discussions on the effects of soot and diesel particulates on building surfaces and human health Observational studies of convective Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) over pastures and forests in Amazonia Theoretical studies of turbulence and turbulent transport modeling of contaminants during the decaying of a ABL convective The parameterization of convective turbulence and clouds in atmospheric models based on the combination of the eddy-diffusivity and mass-flux approaches Analytical solutions to the advection-diffusion equation and analytical models for air pollution, including those for low wind conditions Analytical solutions to the advection-diffusion equation using the Generalized Integral Laplace Transform Technique (GILTT) and the decomposition method Lagrangian stochastic dispersion models with applications for airborne dispersion in the ABL Atmospheric dispersion with Large Eddy Simulation (LES) using the Lagrangian and Eulerian approaches Modeling of photochemical air pollution for better air quality management Analysis of the transport of a trace gas (CO2) at the global scale and overviews of the inverse-problem techniques for deducing emissions from known concentrations
The book provides a solid theoretical understanding of turbulence and includes cases studies that illustrate subjects related to environmental sciences and environmental modeling. It reflects and summarizes recent developments in key areas of modeling atmospheric turbulence and air pollution. It pulls together information on techniques and methods used on turbulence, air pollution, and applications. While these topics are often covered separately, this book’s combined coverage of all three areas sets it apart. |
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