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Cromwell Cruiser Tank 1942-50 (New Vanguard 104) |
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Категория: Военное дело » Военные журналы » Издательство «Osprey» » «New Vanguard» |
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Автор: David Fletcher, Peter Sarson
Издательство: Osprey Publishing
isbn: 1841768146
Количество страниц: 50
Язык: english
Формат: PDF (scan)
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For most of World War II, British tank development remained faithful to the design philosophy inaugurated during World War I. Experiences in North Africa highlighted flaws in this basic design, however, and the General Staff identified the need for a new heavy cruiser that could combine speed and manoeuvrability with increased armour and armament. The Cromwell Cruiser tank was designed as a result, and soon proved itself one of the fastest and most successful tanks deployed by the Allies during World War 2. This book details the design and development of the Cromwell and its many variants, from its introduction at D-Day, through its many successes in the final year of World War 2 and beyond. |
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The Mystery of Numbers |
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Категория: Естественные науки » Физико-математические науки » Математика, геометрия, статистика |
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Автор: Annemarie Schimmel
Издательство: Oxford University Press
Год издания: 1993
isbn: 0195063031
Количество страниц: 325
Язык: english
Формат: PDF (scan)
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Why is the number seven lucky--even holy--in almost every culture? Why do we speak of the four corners of the earth? Why do cats have nine lives (except in Iran, where they have seven)? From literature to folklore to private superstitions, numbers play a conspicuous role in our daily lives. But in this fascinating book, Annemarie Schimmel shows that numbers have been filled with mystery and meaning since the earliest times, and across every society. In The Mystery of Numbers Annemarie Schimmel conducts an illuminating tour of the mysteries attributed to numbers over the centuries. She begins with an informative and often surprising introduction to the origins of number systems: pre-Roman Europeans, for example, may have had one based on twenty, not ten (as suggested by the English word "score" and the French word for 80, quatrevingt --four times twenty), while the Mayans had a system more sophisticated than our own. Schimmel also reveals how our fascination with numbers has led to a rich cross-fertilization of mathematical knowledge: "Arabic" numerals, for instance, were picked up by Europe from the Arabs, who had earlier adopted them from Indian sources ("Algorithm" and "algebra" are corruptions of the Arabic author and title names of a mathematical text prized in medieval Europe). But the heart of the book is an engrossing guide to the symbolism of numbers. Number symbolism, she shows, has deep roots in Western culture, from the philosophy of the Pythagoreans and Platonists, to the religious mysticism of the Cabala and the Islamic Brethren of Purity, to Kepler's belief that the laws of planetary motion should be mathematically elegant, to the unlucky thirteen. After exploring the sources of number symbolism, Schimmel examines individual numbers ranging from one to ten thousand, discussing the meanings they have had for Judaic, Christian, and Islamic traditions, with examples from Indian, Chinese, and Native American cultures as well. Two, for instance, has widely been seen as a number of contradiction and polarity, a number of discord and antithesis. And six, according to ancient and neo-platonic thinking, is the most perfect number because it is both the sum and the product of its parts (1+2+3=6 and 1x2x3=6). Using examples ranging from the Bible to the Mayans to Shakespeare, she shows how numbers have been considered feminine and masculine, holy and evil, lucky and unlucky. A highly respected scholar of Islamic culture, Annemarie Schimmel draws on her vast knowledge to paint a rich, cross-cultural portrait of the many meanings of numbers. Engaging and accessible, her account uncovers the roots of a phenomenon we all feel every Friday the thirteenth. |
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Wartime Standard Ships Volume Two: The Oceans, The Forts & The Parks |
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Категория: Технические науки » Транспорт » Водный транспорт, судостроение |
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Автор: W. H. Mitchell, L. A. Sawyer
Издательство: Journal of Commerce and Shipping Telegraph
Год издания: 1966
Количество страниц: 66
Язык: english
Формат: PDF (scan)
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Between the two world wars, shipbuilding as a whole was a dormant factor in the Canadian economy and in September 1939, Canada's merchant navy consisted of less than 400 ships of 500 gross tons and over, totalling about 1,100,000 gross tons. Of this total some 260 ships of 700,000 tons were operating in the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence area, sixty coasters of 150,000 tons sailed in the coastal routes, and only 40 ships of about 250,000 gross tons could be classified as ocean-going vessels. In this year also, Canada's shipbuilding facilities were at a low ebb for only about 2,000 skilled men, shared between about ten shipyards, were immediately available and they were put to work on naval construction, the hastily organised War Supply Board controlling, among other things, the building of ships. This arrangement lasted until 1940 when the board was superseded by the Department of Munitions and Supply. In the autumn of 1940 the British Merchant Shipbuilding Mission arrived in North America and following a tour of a number of shipbuilding and engineering works, involving travel of many thousands of miles, orders were placed and contracts signed for sixty 10,000-ton deadweight dry cargo ships to be built in two United States' yards and for twenty ships in Canadian yards. This latter order was shortly afterwards increased to 26 ships, shared between Burrard Dry Dock Co., Ltd. of Vancouver, Davie Shipbuilding & Repairing Co., Ltd., of Lauzon, Quebec and Canadian Vickers, Montreal. This latter company also received orders for propelling machinery and boilers, whilst other orders for engines were placed with Dominion Engineering Workshops, Montreal, and further boilers ordered from Dominion Bridge Company, Vancouver. At the same time the Canadian Government also placed orders for merchant hulls. The first keel was laid down in April 1941 and this was the start of the mammoth task done by Canadian shipbuilders during the war involving, not only the construction of some 450 merchant vessels but also some 300 naval ships. Also in April 1941 a Government corporation known as Wartime Merchant Shipping Ltd., was formed to supervise, co-ordinate, expand and expedite construction of merchant ships. The burden was enormous. Shipyards were built, extended, or had their capacity increased for building the 10,000-tonncrs, but where yards were too small, the 4,700 tdw. ship was laid down and these two types dominated the Canadian merchant shipbuilding programme during the war years. |
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Immortal Fire: Greek, Persian and Macedonian Wars (Field of Glory Gaming Companion Book 3) |
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Категория: Военное дело » Военные журналы » Издательство «Osprey» |
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Автор: Richard Bodley-Scott, Peter Dennis
Издательство: Osprey Publishing
Год издания: 2008
isbn: 1846033462, 9781846033469
Количество страниц: 68
Язык: english
Формат: PDF (scan)
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Providing accessible and informative coverage of the Greek, Persian and Macedonian armies, Immortal Fire details conflicts such as the Spartan stand at Thermopylae, Alexander's victory at Gaugamela, and his fight for the Granicus river. Well-designed, visually stunning and with detailed historical overviews of each army, these comprehensive army listings, with supporting maps and artwork allow gamers to recreate some of the most legendary battles in history. Take on the role of the world's greatest tacticians and soldiers and change history. |
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The Fall of France: Act with Daring (Battles and Histories Series) |
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Категория: Военное дело » История войн |
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Автор: Martin Marix Evans
Издательство: Osprey Publishing
Год издания: 2000
isbn: 1855329697
Количество страниц: 168
Язык: english
Формат: PDF (scan)
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The "Phony War" ended as Germany's attack on France, Belgium, and the Netherlands began. In under 50 days, all three nations had fallen and the British Expeditionary Force had been driven from mainland Europe. The German army embraced the philosophy voiced by Heinz Matrix, one of the architects of their lightening victory: "In the days to come the Goddess of Victory will bestow her laurels only on those who are prepared to act with daring". Killing or wounding 350,000 and leaving 2 million missing or taken prisoner, at a cost of 155,000 German lives German forces took Europe by storm. |
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Soldiers of the Dragon: Chinese Armies 1500 BC - AD 1840 |
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Категория: Военное дело » Военные журналы » Издательство «Osprey» |
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Автор: C. J. Peers
Издательство: Osprey Publishing
Год издания: 2006
isbn: 1846030986
Количество страниц: 253
Язык: english
Формат: PDF (scan)
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The turbulent history of China has seen many dynastic struggles over the centuries, ever since the semi-nomadic tribes of ancient China were unified under the first emperor, Cheng. From the Great Wall to the terracotta army at Xian, monuments to China's many wars, and the men who fought them, litter the landscape. This book tells the incredible story of China's armies form the first documented civilization over 3,000 years ago to the outbreak of the first Opium War with Britain in the middle of the 19th century. Written by an acknowledged expert on Chinese armies, this volume offers details of their colourful uniforms and fascinating weaponry with colour and black and white photographs, artwork, maps and diagrams. |
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English Civil War Artillery 1642-51 (New Vanguard 108) |
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Категория: Военное дело » Военные журналы » Издательство «Osprey» » «New Vanguard» |
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Автор: Chris Henry, Brian Delf
Издательство: Osprey Publishing
Год издания: 2005
isbn: 1841767662
Количество страниц: 52
Язык: english
Формат: PDF (scan)
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At the beginning of the English Civil War it was clear that artillery was to play a significant part in the conflict, as so many battles were fought by siege. Both Royalists and Parliamentarians raced to capture ordnance stores in urban areas such as London and Hull, realising that they would prove strategically decisive in the siege warfare that later developed. Illustrated with superb colour plates by Brian Delf, this book gives the reader an overview of the types of weapon used in this conflict and, more generally, how artillery was actually used in the seventeenth century. |
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Free Style Wrestling / Lutte libre / Вольная борьба |
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Категория: Физкультура и спорт, активный отдых » Боевые искусства |
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Автор: Yuriy Shahmuradov
Издательство: FILA
Год издания: 1996
Количество страниц: 176
Язык: русский
Формат: PDF (scan)
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This book actually shows outstanding technical achievements in free style wrestling both in the standing position and on the ground, which are so often demonstrated at the World and European championships and at the Olympic Games. The International Wrestling Federation hopes that coaches and wrestlers will find this book useful for planning their training programs and promoting the technical and tactical mastery of this sport. Le présent livre nous permet de découvrir les meilleurs interprètes des techniques de lutte libre, aussi bien débout qu'à terre, ceux-mêmes qui ont a maintes reprises fait preuve de leur grande maîtrise tant aux championnats d'Europe et du Monde qu'aux Jeux Olympiques. La Fédération Internationale de Lutte Amateur souhaite que le présent ouvrage soit utile aux entraîneurs et aux athlètes lors de la formation et du perfectionnement en la maîtrise technico-tactique. В данной книге показаны лучшие исполнители техники вольной борьбы в стойке и партере, которые не раз демонстрировали свое высокое мастерство на чемпионатах Европы, мира и Олимпийских играх. Международная федерация спортивной борьбы надеется, что данная книга окажет помощь тренерам и спортсменам при обучении и совершенствовании технико-тактического мастерства. |
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Aus der Technik - Geschichte des deutschen Flugzeugbaus 1 |
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Категория: Военное дело » Военная техника » Самолеты |
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Автор: Aerokurier
Издательство: Aerokurier
Количество страниц: 29
Язык: другой
Формат: PDF (scan)
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Mit dieser Broschüre soll in zwangloser Folge der Anfang einer Technik-Geschichte des deutschen Flugzeugbaues gemacht werden. Die Berichte sind eine Zusammenstellung von Aufsätzen aus den deutsdIen aerokurier (1967). in dem diese Berichtsreihe laufend fortgesetzt wird. |
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Aus der Technik - Geschichte des deutschen Flugzeugbaus 2 |
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Категория: Военное дело » Военная техника » Самолеты |
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Автор: Aerokurier
Издательство: Aerokurier
Количество страниц: 49
Язык: другой
Формат: PDF (scan)
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Die Beschreibung ehemaliger deutscher Flugzeugmuster soll ein Beitrag zur Technik-Geschichte der deutschen Luftfahrtindustrie sein. In der ersten Ausgabe dieser Broschüre wurden hauptsächlich Militärflugzeuge behandelt, die im Zweiten Weltkrieg gebaut worden sind. Die deutsche Luftfahrtindustrie hat aber nicht nur in dieser Phase ihres Bestehens, in der sie zu einem gewaltigen Industriezweig heranwuchs, Hervorragendes geleistet. Sie kann vielmehr auf technisch gleich gute Leistungen in den zwanziger Jahren zurückblicken. Sie liegen allerdings mehr auf dem Gebiete des zivilen Flugzeugbaues. Sie tragen den Stempel der Härte ihrer Zeit. Es war jene Zeitspanne wirtschaftlicher Schwierigkeiten mit Inflation und Arbeitslosigkeit als Folge des Ersten Weltkrieges. Idealismus wurde damals groß und Geld klein geschrieben. In der vorliegenden zweiten Folge soll deswegen neben militärischen Zwecken dienenden Flugzeugen bevorzugt über einige der markantesten zivilen Flugzeuge der zwanziger Jahre berichtet werden. Verfasser dieser Berichtsreihe sind: Wolfgang Wagner und Klaus Peters. Teilberichte schrieben Fritz Morzik und Thea Rasche. |
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