Автор: James L.Schardein, Orest T.Macina
Издательство: Taylor & Francis
Год издания: 2007
isbn: 0849372291
Количество страниц: 458
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Much attention has focused on the identification of drugs and chemicals that produce malformations following human exposure during in utero development. However, as noted by the authors of this monograph, that is only one of the four types of adverse effects that may occur following exposure (or treatment) during development. Over the past several decades, clinicians and developmental scientists have established that developmental toxicity includes not only structural malformations but also growth retardation and death, as well as functional (including behavioral) abnormalities. Research by these clinicians and developmental scientists has also pointed out that vulnerable periods for developmental toxicology may begin prior to conception and extend well beyond birth.
Автор: Jean H.Langenheim
Издательство: Timber Press
Год издания: 2003
isbn: 0881925748
Количество страниц: 586
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
When I was asked by Timber Press to write a new book on resins, including amber—Howes’s 1949 Vegetable Gums and Resins was the most recent such effort—the breadth of interdisciplinary coverage seemed too ambitious for an individual person. There have been so many advances in resin research in the past half century, including the development of new fields of research such as chemical ecology, and the exploration of other interesting facets about resins made possible by new chemical, molecular, and microscopic techniques. With a little thought, however, I realized that my years of resin research had prepared me to accept the challenge enthusiastically, a challenge that has been stimulating and rewarding.
Автор: Robert N.Miller
Издательство: Cambridge University Press
Год издания: 2007
isbn: 0521781825
Количество страниц: 254
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
This text grew out of notes for a course taught to graduate students in physical oceanography at the College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences at Oregon State University. The students are typically in their second year of graduate school, having passed introductory courses in theoretical physical oceanography. This is the background assumed for the course. Most of the students at this point have seen some numerical analysis. The course, and hence this text, is intended for all students of physical oceanography. Major emphasis is on those features that distinguish models of the ocean from other models in computational fluid mechanics. The intent is to examine ocean models critically, and determine what they do well and what they do poorly. We will ask when we can be confident that the model reflects nature, and when we can say that it is likely that we are looking at a feature of the model itself.
Автор: Hua Li
Издательство: Springer
Год издания: 2009
isbn: 3642023673
Количество страниц: 373
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
This is the first monograph of its kind, where a comprehensive and systematic description of modeling and simulation of the smart polymer hydrogels in BioMEMS environment is provided. It will cover the development of the models in form of nonlinear coupled partial differential governing equations for the smart hydrogels. Further, benchmark results, for simulation and prediction of responsive behaviour of the smart hydrogels to solution pH, externally applied electric voltage, environmental temperature, glucose/carbohydrates and salt concentration/ionic strength that are basic stimuli in common BioMEMS devices, are also documented. Finally, it is written in as simple a manner as possible, such that it will make informative and easy reading for the expert, and concurrently it can serve as a rich reference source for a graduate student intending to work in this area.
Автор: Costas D.Sarris
Издательство: Morgan & Claypool
Год издания: 2007
isbn: 1598290789
Количество страниц: 154
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
This monograph is a comprehensive presentation of state-of-the-art methodologies that can dramatically enhance the efficiency of the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique, the most popular electromagnetic field solver of the time-domain form of Maxwell’s equations. These methodologies are aimed at optimally tailoring the computational resources needed for the wideband simulation of microwave and optical structures to their geometry, as well as the nature of the field solutions they support. That is achieved by the development of robust “adaptive meshing” approaches, which amount to varying the total number of unknown field quantities in the course of the simulation to adapt to temporally or spatially localized field features. While mesh adaptation is an extremely desirable FDTD feature, known to reduce simulation times by orders of magnitude, it is not always robust. The specific techniques presented in this book are characterized by stability and robustness. Therefore, they are excellent computer analysis and design (CAD) tools.
Автор: Larry Drbal, Kayla Westra, Pat Boston
Издательство: Springer
Год издания: 1995
isbn: 0412064014
Количество страниц: 768
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
This comprehensive volume provides a complete, authoritative, up-to-date reference for all aspects of power plant engineering. Coverage ranges from engineering economics to coal and limestone handling, from design processes to plant thermal heat balances. Both theory and practical applications are covered, giving engineers the information needed to plan, design, construct, upgrade, and operate power plants. Power Plant Engineering is the culmination of experience of hundreds of engineers from Black & Veatch, a leading firm in the field for more than 80 years. The authors review all major power generating technologies, giving particular emphasis to current approaches.
Автор: Clayton T.Crowe, Donald F.Elger, John A.Roberson, Barbara C.Williams
Издательство: Wiley
Год издания: 2008
isbn: 0470259779
Количество страниц: 552
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Connecting the math and theory of fluid mechanics to practical applications can be a difficult process. Engineering Fluid Mechanics builds on the success of previous editions to help engineers learn how to apply concepts by keeping them engaged and active throughout the book. Simple and effective examples show how key equations are utilized in practice, and step-by-step descriptions provide details into the processes that engineers follow. Each chapter also outlines the three most important things they will be able to accomplish once the concepts are learned. With its physical/visual approach, engineers will quickly gain an intuitive understanding of the principles.
Автор: Gregory K.McMillan, Robert A.Cameron
Издательство: ISA
Год издания: 2004
isbn: 1934394432
Количество страниц: 226
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
The pH electrode offers by far the greatest sensitivity and rangeability of any industrial process measurement. To realize the full potential of this opportunity requires extrao rd inary performance of mixing equipment, contro l valves, reagent delivery systems, flow meters, control system design, and controller tuning. This book is designed to cover all of the bases but not get the user lost in the details. Since each of these topics could be a book in itself, the emphasis here is on cutting straight to the chase of concepts critical for a successful pH system. Key insights and rules of thumb a rc inserted to congeal principles and practices that address the essential requirements of pH applications. The book should appeal to both the generalist and the specialist. This book is designed to bring togethe r the chemist, control engineer, instrument technician, process engineer, and project manager to literally and figuratively put them on the same page.
Автор: Harry Marsh, Francisco Rodriguez-Reinoso
Издательство: Elsevier Science & Technology Books
Год издания: 2006
isbn: 0080444636
Количество страниц: 542
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
With its immense capacity for adsorption from gas and liquid phases, activated carbon is a unique material. It occupies a special place in terms of producing a clean environment involving water purification as well as separations and purification in the chemical and associated industries. In these roles, it exhibits a remarkable efficiency as the international production is a littie more than half a million tonnes per year, with perhaps 2 million tonnes being in continuous use. This is equivalent to the allocation of 200 mg per person of the world population to be compared with the world use of fossil fuels of 2 tonnes per person of the world population. Much is already written about activated carbon such that the Google search engine will offer over one million pages from the Internet. These pages are mosdy descriptive and uncoordinated. Currendy, there exists a need for a text which establishes a framework into which factual information can be located and explained. Further, carbon science has expanded rapidly in recent years with considerable relevance to an understanding of activated carbon. Again, these information are mostly uncoordinated and need to be assimilated into a comprehensive story. This assimilation is the purpose of this book.
Автор: Klaus Scherer, Horst Fichtner, Hans Jorg Fahr, Eckart Marsch
Издательство: Pergamon
Год издания: 2001
isbn: 0444509097
Количество страниц: 543
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Roughly a century has passed after the first ideas by Oliver Lodge, George Francis FitzGerald and Kristian Birkeland about particle clouds emanating from the Sun and interacting with the Earth environment. Only a few decades after the formulation of the concepts of a continuous solar corpuscular radiation by Ludwig Biermann and a solar wind by Eugene Parker, heliospheric physics has evolved into an important branch of astrophysical research. Numerous spacecraft missions have increased the knowledge about the heliosphere tremendously. Now, at the beginning of a new millennium it seems possible, by newly developed propulsion technologies to send a spacecraft beyond the boundaries of the heliosphere. Such an Interstellar Probe will start the in-situ exploration of interstellar space and, thus, can be considered as the first true astrophysical spacecraft. The year 2000 appeared to be a highly welcome occasion to review the achievements since the last COSPAR Colloquia 11 years ago, to summarize the present developments and to give new impulses for future activities in heliospheric research.
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