Автор: Camilo J.Cela-Conde, Francisco J.Ayala
Издательство: Oxford University Press
Год издания: 2007
isbn: 0198567790
Количество страниц: 446
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Questions about human nature, about what it is that makes us distinctively human, have been raised since antiquity, at least since the dawn of the philosophical way of thinking in Classical Greece, four centuries before the Christian Era. Aristotle, the greatest biologist of antiquity, identified humans first and foremost as ‘‘animals,’’ but he called them ‘‘rational animals’’: the power of reason as the distinctive feature that separates us from the rest of the living world. It would be only many centuries later, with the publication of Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection, that an understanding could emerge of why we share so much of what we are with other animals, particularly with those closest to us, the primates.
Автор: Gerard M.Verschuuren
Издательство: Holy Macro ! Books
Год издания: 2008
isbn: 1932802355
Количество страниц: 275
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
This book can be used on its own or in conjunction with an interactive CD called Excel 2007 for Scientists, also available from MrExcel.com. This book assumes at least some basic knowledge of Excel. Readers new to Excel may want to familiarize themselves with a basic how-to source such as the interactive CD Excel 2007 Expert, available from MrExcel.com. Scientists do not want nor do they need verbose explanations. Therefore, I was as concise as possible in the chapters of this book. I also attempted to add some meaningful simple exercises because the proof is still in the pudding. The examples appear at the end of each part, along with their solutions. Because I am a human geneticist myself, most of my simple examples stem from the life sciences.
Автор: Коллектив
Издательство: International Monetary Fund
Год издания: 2009
isbn: 1589067800
Количество страниц: 705
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
The Manual contains detailed, comprehensive information and explanations for compiling XMPIs. It provides an overview of the conceptual and theoretical issues that statistical offices should consider when making decisions on how to deal with various problems in the daily compilation of XMPIs, and it is intended for use by both developed and developing countries. The chapters cover many topics; they elaborate on the different practices currently in use, propose alternatives whenever possible, and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each alternative. Given the comprehensive nature of the Manual, we expect it to satisfy the needs of many users.
Автор: Christopher A.Jones, Andrew M.Soward, Keke Zhang
Издательство: Taylor & Francis
Год издания: 2003
isbn: 0415309360
Количество страниц: 300
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
The study of the Earth’s deep interior may be loosely defined as the study of those parts of the Earth that lie more than a thousand kilometres below the surface. These regions are obscured from direct view, but nevertheless a wealth of information about the deep interior has accumulated. Seismology, geomagnetism, the monitoring of the Earth’s rotation, and accurate measurements of the gravity field have all played a role in this development. This observational knowledge has been supplemented by experiments, some conducted in extreme conditions of pressure and temperature. Theoreticians are also involved in unravelling the mysteries of the Earth’s deep interior, both in building numerical models and in studying high-pressure physics. All this activity has brought together a multidisciplinary team of scientists, which was formalized into the SEDI (Study of the Earth’s Deep Interior) organization in 1987.
Автор: Mark Stavish
Издательство: Weiser Books
Год издания: 2008
isbn: 1578633966
Количество страниц: 269
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
One of the most overused phrases in the English language these days is "I just don't have the time." It's particularly familiar to those of us who teach spiritual traditions that place regular practice and the development of the self's hidden potentials at center stage. If you'd like to get a rueful laugh wherever teachers of spirituality gather, just ask how many students utter those words when asked to put even so little as ten minutes a day into some form of inner work. Granted, leisure time can be in short supply these days, and an industrial society that thrives on the manufacture of artificial desires has no shortage of distractions to throw in the way of the novice in any spiritual path. Yet it's equally true that much of what passes for a shortage of spare time can be solved by figuring out one's real priorities and paying attention to where time actually goes. Plenty of people who are convinced that they have no time for an inner life spend time every evening staring blankly at TV shows that don't really interest them, or fidget away an hour or more on a commuter train every workday. And, of course, nearly every one of us spends six or eight hours coursing through the realms of dream every night, only to brush aside the fading memories of our inner adventures as we stumble from bed to shower to breakfast table to front door.
Автор: Thomas E.Harris, Mark D.Nelson
Издательство: Routledge
Год издания: 2007
isbn: 0805859411
Количество страниц: 424
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Organizational communication is a fascinating subject that is constantly evolving. The second edition of this book was published in 2002 and I noted that organizations had changed substantially from the first edition. This edition reflects the significant changes since 2002 while retaining the in-depth discussions of critical organizational communication concepts. In addition, Dr. Mark Nelson has agreed to co-author this edition, making the coverage even more complete. We have added important insights concerning critical perspectives and the reader will note extensive updates, revisions, and current examples. The majority of the original chapter titles have remained, because they allow the reader to quickly access specific information. In every chapter, change, diversity, and the digital age are examined.
Автор: George Z.Voyiadjis, Peter I.Kattan
Издательство: Elsevier
Год издания: 2006
isbn: 0080446884
Количество страниц: 725
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
This book is intended to provide researchers and graduate students with a clear and thorough presentation of the recent advances in continuum damage mechanics for metals and metal matrix composites. Emphasis is placed on the theoretical formulation of the different constitutive models in this area. However, sections are added in the book to demonstrate the applications of the theory. A chapter is also included on experimental investigations and comparisons with theoretical predictions. In addition, some sections contain new material that does not appear before in the literature. Although the book covers damage mechanics in metals, the presentation is very minimal and many approaches to this topic are only briefly presented. This is mainly because there are other books that give a more thorough and adequate exposition to this subject. However the book goes in more details into the subject of damage mechanics in metal matrix composites. The primary reason for this is that no such book currently exists on this topic. Most of the available books that were published recently on this topic are edited books. This is the first book that attempts to bring together continuum damage mechanics and metal matrix composites in a single and unified volume. Therefore, a substantial part of the material reflects the authors' own work in this area, but other approaches are presented when they are clearly relevant to the topic under discussion.
Автор: P.L.Herrling
Издательство: Academic Press
Год издания: 1997
isbn: 0125468202
Количество страниц: 171
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
The excitatory effect of glutamate and aspartate on central nervous system neurons described in the early 1960s (Curtis and Watkins, 1960; Krnjevic and Phillis, 1963) initiated a massive research effort aimed at proving these compounds as important neurotransmitters. During the 1980s, glutamate gained the status of the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Receptors were classified as N-methyl-Daspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptors, based on electrophysiological studies (Hicks et al., 1978; Davies et al., 1979; Watkins and Evans, 1981; McLennan and Liu, 1982). NMDA receptors are stimulated most potently by NMDA itself. Currents activated by NMDA receptors are carried by Na § K § and Ca 2§ (Dingledine, 1983; MacDermott et al., 1986). The non-NMDA receptors were later divided into three groups, t~- amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors, kainate receptors, and metabotropic glutamate receptors, based on the preferred agonists, AMPA, kainate, and glutamate (for a review, see Watkins et al., 1990). AMPA and kainate receptors are ion channel coupled mainly Na § channels, whereas metabotropic glutamate receptors mediate responses via G-protein-coupled second messengers.
Автор: W.H.Bassett
Издательство: Spon Press
Год издания: 2004
isbn: 0415318084
Количество страниц: 977
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
For over 70 years, the 18 previous editions of Clay’s Handbook of Environmental Health have helped both students and practitioners of environmental health throughout the world understand the concept of environmental health and its practical implementation within a variety of management and administrative systems. Clay has justifiably become the informational bedrock of environmental health. A new edition is always eagerly awaited. This is particularly the case for the nineteenth edition, the first of both a new century and a new millennium. A rapidly changing world demands that environmental health practitioners keep abreast of change and this new edition contains much new material which reflects the problems and pressures that face them today. Old problems sit juxtaposed with new problems and understanding them, and being able to apply solutions to their resolution, remains a constant need for environmental health practitioners.
Автор: Lev Dorman
Издательство: Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
Год издания: 2009
isbn: 1402092385
Количество страниц: 800
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
The problem of cosmic ray (CR) geomagnetic effects came to the fore at the beginning of the 1930s after the famous expeditions by J. Clay onboard ship (Slamat) between the Netherlands and Java using an ionization chamber. Many CR latitude expeditions were organized by the famous scientists and Nobel Laureates R. Millikan and A. Compton. From the obtained latitude curves it follows that CRs cannot be gamma rays (as many scientists thought at that time), but must be charged particles. From measurements of azimuthally geomagnetic effect at that time it also followed that these charged particles must be mostly positive
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