Автор: Steven G.Elliott, Mary Ann Foote, Graham Molineux
Издательство: Birkhauser Verlag
Год издания: 2009
isbn: 3764386940
Количество страниц: 337
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Research on, and interest in, red blood cell formation spans several centuries and was thought to have peaked in the 1980s with the cloning of the erythropoietin (EPO) gene. In the years subsequent to the cloning of EPO and its expression as a recombinant protein, much was written about EPO. Although much has been learned and published, new, exciting data are becoming available on almost a daily basis. Erythropoietins and Erythropoiesis: Molecular, Cellular, Preclinical, and Clinical Biology compiles both pertinent historical and very recent research on this molecule and its clinical utility. The book is divided into two sections: Background and Basic Science and Clinical Uses of Recombinant Erythropoietins. To begin, Israels and Israels describe the biology of red cells, the hierarchy of erythropoietic progenitor cells, their development to mature cells, and the effects of endogenous EPO on their development. Foote summarizes the historical interest in, and search for, an erythropoietic factor. Once EPO was identified, cloned, and expressed, the path was set for the study of other aspects of EPO biology both within erythropoiesis and other cellular systems.
Автор: Jeffrey S.Levinton
Издательство: Cambridge University Press
Год издания: 2001
isbn: 0521803179
Количество страниц: 634
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Evolutionary biology enjoys the peculiar dual status of being that subject which clearly unites all biological endeavors, while occasionally seeming to be nearly as remote from complete understanding as when Darwin brought it within the realm of materialistic science. Somehow, the basic precepts first proposed by Darwin have never been either fully accepted or disposed, to be followed by a movement toward further progress in some other direction. The arguments of today – the questions of natural selection and adaptation, saltation versus gradualism, and questions of relatedness among organisms – are not all that different from those discussed 100 years ago, even if the research materials seem that much more sophisticated.
Автор: George E.Totten, Hong Liang
Издательство: Marcell Dekker
Год издания: 2005
isbn: 0824748727
Количество страниц: 922
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
There are many texts and handbooks available describing tribological processes, effects of additives on lubrication, tribochemistry, surface engineering, and heat treating methodologies involved in surface modification. However, few of these texts provide a thorough integration of surface modification reactions and processes to achieve a tribological result and none provides a physical tribochemical (mechanistic) understanding of surface structural changes that occur under various circumstances. This book was written to address these deficiencies and provide a critically important text for this vitally important technology field.
Автор: Len Yannielli, I.Edward Alcamo, David Heymann
Издательство: Chelsea House Publications
Год издания: 2004
isbn: 0791074633
Количество страниц: 112
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Each year, about 15,000 cases of Lyme disease are reported in the United States, making it our number one vector-borne, or animal carried, disease. Surprisingly, Lyme disease was not listed as an official disease category by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) until 1982. The public is still unaware of many of the aspects of Lyme disease e.g., its symptoms, its cause, its method of transmission (is it contagious ?). However, there are many aspects of Lyme disease that are known. For example, we know that a certain type of tick spreads the disease, and that Lyme disease is actually caused by bacteria. There is a vaccine, but it is not presently available. More research needs to be done on the interaction of the animals involved in the pathogenesis of the disease, assessing the role of the environment, and determining the effectiveness of different preventive measures
Автор: Gerard L.Hasenhuettl, Richard W.Hartel
Издательство: Springer
Год издания: 2008
isbn: 0387752838
Количество страниц: 433
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Emulsifiers have traditionally been described as ingredients that assist in formation and stabilization of emulsions. The definition, however, may be expanded to include mixing of mutually insoluble phases. Foams (gas in liquid or solid) and dispersions (solids in liquids or other solids) may be stabilized by emulsifiers. For this reason, the terms emulsifier and surfactant are used interchangeably. The first emulsifiers were naturally occurring surface-active proteins, such as egg or casein. With advances in chemical and engineering technologies, the array of emulsifiers has been greatly expanded. Applications to food products have enabled the widespread distribution of packaged foods. Selection and design of emulsifiers was done by experienced product developers who were familiar with the behavior and interactions of each emulsifier. Over the past few decades, tremendous progress has been accomplished in the fundamental understanding of emulsions, dispersions and foams. This book has focused on the design and application of emulsifiers as versatile food ingredients. The second edition has updated and expanded applications, from both theoretical and practical perspectives.
Автор: Katsuhiko Sato, Junji Hisano
Издательство: World Scientific Publishing
Год издания: 2007
isbn: 9812700102
Количество страниц: 413
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
High energy astronomical objects such as the active galactic nuclei and radio galaxies were searched as a possible origin of such EHECRs, but none were found in the arrival direction of these events within 100 Mpc of our galaxy3. More distant origins may be considered, but only if a special mechanism to allow a longer propagation of EHECRs to take place, for example the violation of special relativity4 or the EHE neutrinos as the carrier of such energy.
Автор: Ari-Veikko Anttiroiko, Matti M.G.
Издательство: IGI Global
Год издания: 2006
isbn: 1591407893
Количество страниц: 1733
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
The information technology revolution that has swept across the world has changed the way the governments work and interact with their stakeholders. This explains why digital government or electronic government (e-government) has become one of the most important topics in the public sector reform agenda. Such an e-transformation in government and public governance has its roots in the 1950s when some few professionals and academics started to speak about the computerization of public organizations. For several decades the discussion was meek, concerning mainly the use of computers in internal operations of public administrations, such as accounting and recordkeeping. Wider perspectives started to gain ground as late as 1980s in the wake of the introduction of personal computers and the merge of computers and telecommunications. Yet, the most fundamental recent turn in the information technology revolution was the Great Internet Explosion of 1993-1994 and the increased popularity of World Wide Web (WWW) in particular. Since then the transformative power of e-government has been generally recognized. The Encyclopedia of Digital Government discusses topics that are at the core of this ongoing transformation.
Автор: James R.Lewis, Carl Skutsch
Издательство: M.E.Sharpe
Год издания: 1999
isbn: 0765680238
Количество страниц: 600
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
A society that lacks human rights is a society that breeds misery. If I am ever asked why I am an advocate of human rights, I would like to answer that I simply do not like seeing so much human misery around me. There are many people today whose lives have been blighted by the sense of insecurity and helplessness common to those who are at the mercy of the whims of unjust, authoritarian rulers. People need to be protected against the misuse of power. The articles of the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights are aimed at providing this all-important protection for all the peoples of the world.
Автор: Ad Hoc Committee on the Solar System Radiation
Издательство: National Academy of Sciences
Год издания: 2006
isbn: 0309662915
Количество страниц: 104
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
In October 2005 a group of approximately 120 experts on solar and space physics and the effects of radiation on humans and spacecraft met for a workshop at the Wintergreen conference facilities near Charlottesville, Virginia. This workshop followed other efforts by solar and space physics scientists to address ways in which their work could be focused on support for NASA’s Vision for Space Exploration (see Box P.1). These earlier meetings included a RHESSI-SOHO-TRACE Workshop in December 2004 that had recommended a meeting near Washington, D.C., in the fall of 2005 to bring together NASA Exploration operations and engineering personnel and scientists. It also followed a workshop organized by NASA’s Living With a Star (LWS) program, held on April 5-6, 2004, in Washington, D.C., to examine existing and planned LWS science missions that contribute to the enabling of proposed human lunar and Mars missions. At nearly the same time, the Committee on Solar and Space Physics (CSSP) of the National Research Council’s (NRC’s) Space Studies Board independently began planning for a study on space environmental hazards. The CSSP agreed to cosponsor the workshop and to prepare this NRC workshop report.
Автор: Jacqueline L.Longe
Издательство: Thomson Gale
isbn: 1414429940
Количество страниц: 1115
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
The Gale Encyclopedia of Diets: A Guide to Health and Nutrition is a health reference product designed to inform and educate readers about a wide variety of diets, nutrition and dietary practices, and diseases and conditions associated with nutrition choices. The Gale Group believes the product to be comprehensive, but not necessarily definitive. It is intended to supplement, not replace, consultation with a physician or other healthcare practitioners.
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