Автор: Donald W.Pfaff, Arthur P.Arnold, Anne M.Etgen, Susan E.Fahrbach, Robert T.Rubin
Издательство: Academic Press
Год издания: 2002
isbn: 012532104X
Количество страниц: 915
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
These volumes are dedicated first and foremost to the three generations of productive scientists in our field who have lifted our state of knowledge from the elementary proofs of hormone-behavior relationships by Frank Beach and his students. Now, the accomplishments of these three generations of dedicated scientists not only have extended the range of our knowledge over a tremendous zoologic spectrum, but also have provided us with detailed mechanisms of behaviorally relevant hormone actions at the molecular, biophysical, and genetic levels. Because of the ability of workers in our field to incorporate all the tools of experimental, chemical, and molecular endocrinology, as well as the insights of clinical endocrinology, into our investigations of hormone-brain-behavior relations, it is fair to say that our field has achieved a depth of knowledge and understanding unique in neurobiology at the beginning of the twenty-first century.
Автор: James B.Peter, Yehuda Shoenfeld
Издательство: Elsevier
Год издания: 1996
isbn: 0444823832
Количество страниц: 912
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Now, barely a year later, it is here - Autoantibodies - a timely critical review of more than 100 autoantibodies by the leading experts in their respective fields and perspectives on the processes which induce, inhibit or otherwise affect these autoantibodies in humans. To produce an up-to-date book of this caliber so rapidly is a prodigious undertaking and a tribute to the enthusiastic cooperation of our authors throughout the world. The abbreviated timeline was necessary in order to keep pace with the advances in knowledge about autoimmunity. The widespread interest in the field is evidenced by the number of books published recently which are dedicated to the diverse aspects of autoimmunity: from molecular mimicry to clinical manifestations of specific disease entities unknown even 20 years ago.
Автор: Oliver Tickell
Издательство: Zed Books
Год издания: 2008
isbn: 1848130244
Количество страниц: 302
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Economist Nicholas Stern famously described climate change as ‘the greatest market failure the world has seen’. But there is an exception: the attempts of the world’s governments to redress that market failure, beginning with the Climate Convention’s Kyoto Protocol. Far from overcoming the market failure identified by Stern, the Kyoto Protocol has created a whole new spectrum of market failures – like Hans Christian Andersen’s demonic distorting mirror when it was smashed to smithereens. First among the Protocol’s failures is that its key objective – to reduce greenhouse gas emissions – is unmet, as reported by Michael Raupach in 2007.3 Indeed, the rate of increase of global CO2 emissions from burning fossil fuels and from industry has accelerated, from 1.1 per cent per year for 1990–99 to more than 3 per cent per year for 2000–04. The emissions growth rate since 2000, as Raupach writes, ‘was greater than for the most fossil-fuel intensive of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change emissions scenarios developed in the late 1990s’.
Автор: Andrew M.Smith, James A.Callow
Издательство: Springer
Год издания: 2006
isbn: 3540310487
Количество страниц: 284
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Many plants, animals, and microbes use adhesive polymers and structures to attach to inert substrates, to each other, or to other organisms. This is the first major review that brings together research on many of the well-known biological adhesives. Emphasizing the diversity of biological adhesives and associated adhesion processes, it deals with bacteria, fungi, algae, and marine and terrestrial animals. It bridges a variety of disciplines including biochemistry, molecular biology, biomechanics, bioengineering, microbiology, organism structure and function, and ultrastructure. As we learn more about the molecular and mechanical properties of these adhesives, we begin to understand why they adhere so well and how they develop cohesive strength. With this understanding comes the prospect of developing synthetic or semi-synthetic adhesives with broad applications in areas such as medicine, dentistry, and biotechnology. The book is suitable for both industrial and academic researchers.
Автор: Jeffrey L.Bennetzen, Sarah Hake
Издательство: Springer Science + Business Media, LLC
Год издания: 2009
isbn: 0387778624
Количество страниц: 779
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Maize is one of the world’s highest value crops, with a multibillion dollar annual contribution to agriculture. The great adaptability and high yield of maize as a food, feed and forage crop have led to its production on a massive scale, with acreage expanding at the expense of other crops. Maize has developed in its non-food usage, comprising a major source of ethanol for fuel in the United States. In addition, maize has occupied center stage in the transgenic plant controversy, serving as one of the first food crops with commercialized transgenic varieties. The release of a draft genome sequence of maize in 2009 will indicate the structure and gene content of the first average-size plant genome and will be the most complex genome sequenced from any organism to date.
Автор: Nicholas F.Borrelli
Издательство: Marcel Dekker
Год издания: 2005
isbn: 0824759214
Количество страниц: 528
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
The emergence and rapid growth of the microelectronic industry, and its concomitant drive for the miniaturization of electronic devices, together with the optical fiber telecommunication industry and its need to couple light in and out of single mode waveguides, has created in their wake, a new area of optics termed "micro-optics". What is meant by this term is optical elements of dimension of a millimeter or smaller. Primarily, this has meant lenses, or elements that act as lenses, as well as structures that redirect, polarize, and otherwise alter some state or direction of light.
Автор: Gad Shani
Издательство: CRC Press
Год издания: 2001
isbn: 0849315050
Количество страниц: 506
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Radiation dosimetry has made great progress in the last decade, mainly because radiation therapy is more widely used. Every medium to large sized hospital has an oncology department with at least one, generally more, linear accelerators for tumor treatment. Radiation dosimetry has become a common need in the medical world. Medical physicist is now a certified profession and is required by the law in every hospital where radiation treatment is given to patients. One of the main tasks of the medical physicist is to provide the physician with an accurate measurement of the dose delivered to the patient. Several measurement methods were developed together with improved calculation methods, correction factors, and Monte Carlo simulation. It was the intention of the author to assemble this past decade’s developments in one short volume. Unfortunately, because of the vast amount of material, only selected information could be included, and many important developments in this field had to be left out.
Автор: Syun-Ichi Akasofu
Издательство: Springer
Год издания: 2007
isbn: 0387450947
Количество страниц: 288
Prominent progress in science is inevitably associated with controversies. Thus, young researchers, in particular, have to learn how to persevere during the period of controversy and struggle for acceptance. Unfortunately, the skills needed are not taught in textbooks or monographs, which mostly describe the consensus of contemporary experts. This book, which is based on my own experiences as a scientist, describes the history of the progress made in auroral science and magnetospheric physics by providing examples of ideas, controversies, struggles, acceptance, and success in some instances.
Автор: Gerald Schubert, Donald L.Turcotte, Peter Olson
Издательство: Cambridge University Press
Год издания: 2004
isbn: 0511037198
Количество страниц: 958
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
This book gives a comprehensive and connected account of all aspects of mantle convection within the Earth, the terrestrial planets, the Moon, and the Galilean satellites of Jupiter. Convection is the most important process in the mantle, and it sets the pace for the evolution of the Earth as a whole. It controls the distribution of land and water on geologic time scales, and its influences range from the Earth’s climate system, cycles of glaciation, and biological evolution to the formation of mineral and hydrocarbon resources. Because mantle convection is the primary mechanism for the transport of heat from the Earth’s deep interior to its surface, it is the underlying cause of plate tectonics, formation and drift of continents, volcanism, earthquakes, and mountain building processes. It also shapes the gravitational and magnetic fields of the Earth. Mantle convection plays similar, but not identical, roles in the other planets and satellites.
Автор: Edward M.Sion, Stephane Vennes, Harry L.Shipman
Издательство: Springer
isbn: 1402037252
Количество страниц: 260
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
In the past few years, general astronomical interest has concentrated on several objects and phenomena where white dwarf stars play a key role. Type Ia supernovae have been used as evidence to show that, in fact, Einstein did not make his greatest blunder when he allowed for the possibility of a cosmological constant. Improvements in our knowledge of the Hubble parameter have revived interest in the use of white dwarf stars as a different type of cosmochronometer to measure the age of the Galaxy and thus set constraints on the age of the Universe. In roughly the same time period, there have been considerable advances in our understanding of white dwarf stars, both as isolated stars in the field and as members of interacting binary systems. Much of this advance has come from the availability of spacecraft observations from missions like HST, IUE, ROSAT, EXOSAT, Chandra, ORFEUS, EUVE, HUT, and FUSE. The discovery of thousands of new white dwarfs from a number of large surveys and the potential of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey have added impetus to the field.
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