Автор: World Health Organization
Издательство: World Health Organization
Год издания: 2008
isbn: 9241547499
Количество страниц: 175
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
The IPCS Harmonization Project goal is to improve chemical risk assessment globally, through the pursuit of common principles and approaches, and, hence, strengthen national and international management practices that deliver better protection of human health and the environment within the framework of sustainability. The Harmonization Project aims to harmonize global approaches to chemical risk assessment, including by developing international guidance documents on specific issues. The guidance is intended for adoption and use in countries and by international bodies in the performance of chemical risk assessments. The guidance is developed by engaging experts worldwide. The project has been implemented using a step-wise approach, first sharing information and increasing understanding of methods and practices used by various countries, identifying areas where convergence of different approaches would be beneficial and then developing guidance that enables implementation of harmonized approaches. The project uses a building block approach, focusing at any one time on the aspects of risk assessment that are particularly important for harmonization.
Автор: Samir S.Ayoub, Roderick J.Flower, Michael P.Seed
Издательство: Humana Press
Год издания: 2010
isbn: 1588299538
Количество страниц: 218
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) consist of more than 40 compounds, which are the most widely used group of medicines worldwide for the treatment of inflammation, pain, fever, and for the prevention of thrombosis. It was through the pivotal work of the late Professor Sir John Vane in the early 1970s that it was realized that the mechanism of pharmacological and toxicological actions of these compounds depended on the inhibition of the catalytic activity of the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme resulting in the reduction of prostaglandin synthesis. After the discovery of the second isoform of COX, named COX-2 in the early 1990s, it became clear that the pharmacological actions of NSAIDs were due to the inhibition of COX-2, while the toxicological actions were due to inhibition of COX-1. Thus COX-1 became known as the “house-keeping” isoform involved in prostaglandin synthesis during physiological processes such as regulation of acid release in the stomach, while COX-2 as the inducible isoform involved in pathological processes such as inflammation, pain, fever, and cancer. Eventually, this led to the development of the first.
Автор: Stephen F.Scheiber
Издательство: Buttrworth Heinemann
Год издания: 2001
isbn: 0750672803
Количество страниц: 350
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
When I wrote the first edition of Building a Successful Board-Test Strategy, my intent was to avoid (as much as possible) the malady that plagues many books in our industry: like the products they deal with, they become obsolete before release to the public. To accomplish this goal, the book discussed tools, alternatives, and ways to evaluate and select test strategies, rather than dictating what those strategies should be. In many respects, I succeeded. Most of the comments in the original edition are as true today as when they were written. Nevertheless, the industry refuses to stand still. Test has undergone something of a transformation in the past few years. The migration of production capacity away from traditional manufacturers toward contractors continues to accelerate. Today's army of contractors ranges from "garage shops" catering to complex very-low-volume products to multibillion- dollar megaliths handling board volumes in the millions.
Автор: Raymond W.Yeung, Shuo-Yen Robert Li, Ning Cai, Zhen Zhang
Издательство: Boston - Delft
Год издания: 2006
isbn: 1933019247
Количество страниц: 155
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Consider a network consisting of point-to-point communication channels. Each channel transmits information noiselessly subject to the channel capacity. Data is to be transmitted from the source node to a prescribed set of destination nodes. Given the transmission requirements, a natural question is whether the network can fulfill these requirements and how it can be done efficiently. In existing computer networks, information is transmitted from the source node to each destination node through a chain of intermediate nodes by a method known as store-and-forward.
Автор: Dmitri Lioubtchenko, Sergei Tretyakov, Sergey Dudorov
Издательство: Springer Science + Business Media, Inc
Год издания: 2004
isbn: 1402075316
Количество страниц: 202
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
This book is about the key elements of the millimeter-wave technology: various millimeter-wave waveguides, waveguide transitions, and devices. The book can serve both as a tutorial presenting the basic theory and the main experimental techniques necessary for the work with millimeter-wave waveguides and millimeter-wave devices, as well as a monograph presenting new developments in this field. Examples show the use of millimeter-wave waveguides in the design of microwave devices and antennas.
Автор: John D.Holmes
Издательство: Taylor & Francis
Год издания: 2001
isbn: 0415409462
Количество страниц: 444
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
More than 5 years have elapsed since the first edition of Wind Loading of Structures was published. In that time, the need for good design of structures against the effects of wind has become even more obvious, with the great increase in destructive wind storms that have affected many parts of the world. In particular, this was emphasized by the unprecedented two successive hurricane seasons of 2004 and 2005 on the southern coastline of the United States. Although the original chapter topics of the first edition of the book have remained unchanged, there have been changes to nearly every chapter and appendix. The importance of strong winds generated by thunderstorms has become more recognized by wind engineering researchers in the last 5 years, and Chapters 1 and 3 have been expanded with new material on the structure of tornadoes and downbursts. Chapter 5 also includes a new section on the transient dynamic response to winds of this type. In Chapter 7, the laboratory simulation of tornadoes is discussed; although pioneer work in this area was carried out in the 1960s and 1970s, this was not included in the first edition. Chapter 7 has also been expanded with a new section on the simulation of internal pressures in a wind tunnel.
Автор: Roland W.Lewis, Perumal Nithiarasu, Kankanhalli N.Seetharamu
Издательство: Wiley
Год издания: 2004
isbn: 0470847883
Количество страниц: 357
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
In this text, we provide the readers with the fundamentals of the finite element method for heat and fluid flow problems. Most of the other available texts concentrate either on conduction heat transfer or the fluid flow aspects of heat transfer. We have combined the two to provide a comprehensive text for heat transfer engineers and scientists who would like to pursue a finite element–based heat transfer analysis. This text is suitable for senior undergraduate students, postgraduate students, engineers and scientists.
Автор: William C.Lyons
Издательство: Gulf Publishing Company
Год издания: 1996
isbn: 0884156427
Количество страниц: 2370
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
This petroleum and natural gas engineering two-volume handbook is written in the spirit of the classic handbooks of other engineering disciplines. The two volumes reflect the importance of the industry its engineers serve (i.e., Standard and Poor’s shows that the fuels sector is the largest single entity in the gross domestic product) and the profession’s status as a mature engineering discipline. The project to write these volumes began with an attempt to revise the old Practical Petroleum Engineer’s Handbook that Gulf Publishing had published since the 1940’s. Once the project was initiated, it became clear that any revision of the old handbook would be inadequate.
Автор: D.A.Dillard, A.V.Pocius
Издательство: Elsevier
Год издания: 2002
isbn: 0444511407
Количество страниц: 2014
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Adhesion science and technology is inherently an interdisciplinary field, requiring fundamental understanding of mechanics, surfaces, and materials, the topics emphasized in this Adhesion Science and Engineering series. This volume focuses attention on the contribution of mechanics principles and solutions to understanding the fabrication, design, analysis, and testing of adhesive bonds. Building on the fundamentals laid by such noted mechanicians as Winkler, Timoshenko, Volkersen, Goland, Reissner, Williams, Gent, and Johnson, this volume offers a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of stresses, deformation, and fracture parameters associated with a range of adhesive bonds.
Автор: David N.Lerner
Издательство: Taylor and Francis
Год издания: 2004
isbn: 9058096297
Количество страниц: 277
Язык: english
Формат: PDF
Most of the developed world’s population lives in cities, but can cities become sustainable entities, or will they always be importers of resources and producers of pollution? Rapid urbanisation of the developing world is putting even greater pressure on their city environments as the pace of growth far outstrips the planning and control infrastructure. In particular, what of the urban water supply?
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